科研成果

This essay joins the discussion on ‘‘The Future of Comparative Politics’’ from a perspective of methodology, and argues that the challenges concerned in Schmitter’s essay are not endemic to comparative politics but shared ones in other research fields including quantitative methods. Recent trends and developments in quantitative methods show that quantitative and qualitative methods are increas- ingly integrated to jointly handle challenges with broad and profound impacts on the social sciences as a whole. This essay presents a brief introduction of the recent three revolutions in quantitative methods. The ‘‘Bayesian Revolution’’, the ‘‘Credibility Revolution’’, and the ‘‘Big Data Revolution’’ have fundamentally changed quantitative methods. The paper further displays that the challenges arising from the three revolutions are essentially the same ones with those in comparative politics, such as modeling complex interdependence, dealing with fuzzy concepts and the messy real world, and so on. Finally, the essay uses a few examples of some new analytical tools developed by quantitative methodologists to illustrate that qualitative knowledge and quantitative techniques should be seamlessly mixed to be innovative and powerful methods. All this points to a common future of compar- ative politics and quantitative methods.

当今随着智能交通系统的不断发展,车速检测必不可少.基于视频图像的车速检测以其安装简便、成本较低的优点有着广泛的应用前景,但目前基于视频图像的车速检测准确度、精度较低,实时性不够好.本文提出了一种基于非均匀视频图像帧采集的车速实时测量方法,该方法通过非均匀视频图像帧采集,检测测速起始、结束区的感兴趣区域内图像差值大小,利用系统计时获取车辆在固定实际距离下的运动时间,计算得到车辆运动速度.该方法与传统方法相比,测速准确度、精度以及实时性都得到较大提高,增强了系统鲁棒性.

“V＋NP1＋于/于＋NP2”格式（“于”字式）是上古汉语中双及物结构的一种表层编码方式。“于”字式与双宾语式都可以编码双及物结构，但二者存在语义差异。在演变过程中，“于”字式逐渐衰落并最终消失。其衰落过程主要发生在上古汉语时期，并与介词“于/于”的演变有密切联系。 本文以《左传》中进入“于”字式的“献”、“归”、“假”、“求”、“告”、“言”等动词为例，在考察音义关系确定单位同一性的基础上，描写这批动词的共时句法表现及历史演变过程，从而展现“于”字结构的衰落过程及其替换格式。 本文得出以下结论： 第一、动词的内外方向性、等级性和礼节仪式性是影响双及物动词选择“于”字式或者双宾式的要素。 第二、“V＋NP1＋NP2”格式（倒置双宾式）是一种独立的句法格式，由“于”的变化引起，应分析为双宾式。这一格式是“于”字式演变的中间过程。 第三、“于”字式的主要替换式，除了“V（…）与…”和“从…V…”之外，还有双宾语格式，包括“授与类”受类推因素形成的双宾语格式，和“受取类”从“V＋［NP1＋NP2］”重新分析而成的双宾式。