科研成果

2024
Xu N, Hu M, Li X, Zeng L, Wang Y, Qiu Y, Song K, S Li, Shuai S, Chen Y, et al. Unraveling the Light-Absorbing Properties of Brown Carbon at a Molecular Level. Geophysical Research Letters. 2024;51(10).
He L, Liu W, Li Y, Wang J, Kuwata M, Liu YJ. Wall loss of semi-volatile organic compounds in a Teflon bag chamber for the temperature range of 262–298 K: mechanistic insight on temperature dependence. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques [Internet]. 2024;17(2):755–764. 访问链接Abstract
Teflon bag chambers have long been used for investigating atmospheric chemical processes, including secondary organic aerosol formation. The wall-loss process of gas-phase species in Teflon bag chambers has typically been investigated at around room temperature. Recent laboratory studies started employing Teflon bag chambers at sub-273 K conditions for simulating wintertime and upper-tropospheric environments. However, temperature dependence in vapor-wall-loss processes of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in a Teflon bag chamber has not been well investigated. In this study, we experimentally investigated wall-loss processes of C14–C19 n-alkanes in a 1 m3 Teflon bag for the temperature range of 262 to 298 K. Enhanced wall losses of the tested n-alkanes were observed following the decrease in temperature. For instance, 65 %​​​​​​​ of C14 n-alkane was lost to the wall 15 h after injection at room temperature, while the corresponding value was 95 % at 262 K. The experimental data were analyzed using a two-layer kinetic model, which considers both absorption of gas-phase species to the surface layer of the Teflon wall and diffusion to the inner layer. The experimental data demonstrated that absorption of gas-phase species by the surface layer was enhanced at lower temperatures. The temperature dependence in absorption was well accounted for using the equilibrium-dissolution model of organic compounds to the Teflon surface by considering reduced saturation vapor pressure at lower temperatures. On the contrary, diffusion of n-alkanes from the surface to the inner layer slowed down at reduced temperatures. Mechanistic studies on these processes will need to be conducted in the future to quantitatively predict the influence of temperature-dependent wall-loss processes of SVOCs on laboratory experimental results.
Huang C, Tian L, Wang J, Jiang L, Zhang K. Water-CO2 wettability on sandstone surface with asphaltene adsorption: Molecular dynamics simulation. Fuel [Internet]. 2024;360:130558. 访问链接Abstract
The reactions between CO2 slugs and crude oil induce a substantial amount of asphaltene precipitation and adsorption on the rock surface during the CO2 alternative water flooding process. When the subsequent water slug passes through the core pores after asphaltene adsorption, it will displace the previous CO2 slug. The wettability of water and CO2 on the asphaltene-adsorbed rock surface will directly determine the magnitude and direction of the capillary force of the two media, which in turn affects their flow resistance and flow pattern analysis. In this paper, the systems of CO2/water/sandstone and CO2/water/asphaltene adsorption sandstone were established by molecular dynamics simulation technology. The effects of asphaltene adsorption, thickness of the asphaltene adsorption layer, CO2 density, mass fraction and type of salt in water on the wettability of water on sandstone surfaces were studied. The results reveal that asphaltene adsorption significantly reduces the wettability of water on the original powerful water-wetting sandstone surface, making it easier to see how CO2 density affects the wettability of water on the asphaltene-adsorbed sandstone surface. The increased CO2 density will continue to lower the wettability of water on the asphaltene-adsorbed sandstone surface, even causing it to become wet with CO2. The adsorption thickness of asphaltene does not affect the wettability of water and CO2 on the asphaltene-adsorbed sandstone surface, and just a layer of 5A-thick asphaltene adsorption can significantly reduce the wettability of water on sandstone surfaces. Furthermore, a rise in salinity in water has a detrimental impact on the wettability of water on the asphaltene-adsorbed sandstone surface, with divalent salts having a stronger negative effect than monovalent salts.
Yuan ZW; ZW; Y. We’ve Got You Covered! The Effect of Public Health Insurance on Rural Entrepreneurship in China. Journal of Public Economics [Internet]. 2024;235(105150). 访问链接Abstract
Rural households contend with numerous uninsured risks that hinder their ability to leverage profitable yet risky opportunities. We study whether the provision of insurance coverage for medical expenditure, one of the most substantial and unpredictable risk, can stimulate entrepreneurship and other risky financial decisions among rural households. We leverage the progressive nationwide rollout of a universal public health insurance program in rural China. We find that the introduction of health insurance led to a substantial increase in rural households engagement in entrepreneurship. This increase is mainly driven by the risk sharing of health insurance, rather than a reduction in realized medical expenses. The entrepreneurship-promoting effect is also evident at an aggregate level, fostering the growth of smallholder businesses in rural counties. Our findings shed light on the understudied, favorable impact of health insurance on household’s risk taking in rural markets of developing countries.
Gu J. Wealth Management Report for Mid-High Net Worth Families. 1st ed. Singapore: Springer; 2024 pp. 358. 访问链接Abstract
This book analyzes the wealth management of mid-high net worth individuals and families. As China's economy develops and people's living standards improve, more and more families are becoming well-off and the middle-income group continues to expand. After creating wealth and becoming rich, better guarding, spreading and enjoying wealth is not only an urgent challenge faced by more and more micro-families, but also an inevitable need to enrich and energize people's livelihood and the connotation of a good life. Mid-high net worth people are an organic part of China's middle-income group, as well as the future coordinates of many families that have just crossed into the middle-income group. An accurate portrait of this group and an in-depth study of the needs, habits, ways and effects of their family wealth management and distribution are conducive to better responding to the demands of affluent families to "keep, pass on and enjoy wealth," as well as exploring the path of solidly promoting common prosperity at the micro-family level. From this perspective, Institute of Social Science Survey of Peking University has conducted a panoramic analysis on mid-high net worth people from panel survey with more 16,000 households in China after 10 years of tracking and investigation, from six aspects: behavioral patterns, financial asset allocation, non-financial asset allocation, commercial insurance allocation, children's commercial medical insurance allocation and pension insurance allocation, the importance of which is self-evident. As the first systematic work on asset allocation and insurance protection of Chinese middle and high net worth families, although part of the purpose is to explore the demand for insurance protection and develop the commercial insurance market, there is no doubt that this study is an important reference for the government to formulate social security policies and for financial institutions to optimize the supply of family wealth services.
Chen Q, Miao R, Geng G, Shrivastava M, Dao X, Xu B, Sun J, Zhang X, Liu M, Tang G, et al. Widespread 2013-2020 decreases and reduction challenges of organic aerosol in China. Nature Communications. 2024;15(1).
Chen L. Zero-carbon microgrid: Real-world cases, trends, challenges, and future research prospects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews [Internet]. 2024;203(114720). 访问链接
李国俊,王延飞,徐扬. 人工智能治理框架的情报事实解读. 情报杂志. 2024;43(6):73-78.Abstract
分析政府机构、国际组织、企业等在人工智能治理方面的现状和特点,为研究机构、政府组织等推进负责任AI提供借鉴。在分析人工智能风险的基础上,对负责任AI的概念内涵进行了辨析。从情报事实的角度对全世界的人工智能治理框架进行摹因刻画,提取人工智能治理框架的核心要素。梳理人工智能治理框架的实践情况和美国国防政府部门对“负责任AI”的关切,提出了推进我国人工智能治理的建议。
陈昂轩, 贾积有, 苏晗宇. 人工智能赋能语言评估的研究热点、主题脉络及风险审视. 外语电化教学. 2024;2024(2):3-12+101.
张誉月, 贾积有. 从情绪共情到认知共情——智能教学系统中的人机共情研究反思. 数字教育. 2024;10(3):15-20.
赵柯然,赵英潇,赵瑞芳,王延飞. 信息迷雾的情报刻画研究. 情报理论与实践. 2024;47(4):16-20.Abstract
数智环境下以人工智能生成内容(AIGC)为代表的新技术产物和博弈环境下科技问题和信息迷雾相结合诱发的系统性风险,加剧了信息迷雾对情报工作的困扰,如何有效应对信息迷雾成为亟待探讨的议题。文章归纳信息迷雾的情报特征,构建情报刻画的工作模式,分析针对信息迷雾的情报刻画意义,探索应对信息迷雾的情报刻画工具。情报刻画以促进情报感知的形式呈现,通过对情报事实和摹因的刻画实现对信息迷雾的抑制和甄别,从而减少不确定性对决策的误导。
共同富裕视域下生态正义的理论逻辑与实现路径. 南开学报(哲学社会科学版) [Internet]. 2024. 访问链接
吴靖远. 劳迪凯亚《政令》与图拉真时代的地方治理 [An Edict in Laodikeia and the Local Governance during the Trajanic Period]. 《世界历史》(World History) [Internet]. 2024;(3):17-39. 访问链接Abstract
2015年夏于劳迪凯亚(Laodikeia) 古城区中心出土了公元114/115年行省总督斯卡普拉政令铭刻,此政令为研究罗马元首制时期行省治理提供了新资料。在该政令中,总督制定了标准和惩罚措施,以确保水质及水利设施,并要求地方行政系统设立新职位,调整现有的水资源分配、保护和使用的职权和责任。市政自治是罗马元首制的一个主要机制。总督这种介入地方事务的行为,对地方政府而言是一次重大的干预。总督虽然有理论上不受限的权力,但总督任期长度、总督幕僚和附随人员规模、历任元首和总督的治理先例以及地方上掌有政治社会权力或影响力的人士和群体等动态因素,都会影响总督行使权力的方式。劳迪凯亚《政令》为今人提供了衡量罗马帝国中央与地方关系的尺度,揭示了包括中央与地方当局之间的权力平衡、权力动态和共识建设等方面的宝贵信息。 In the summer of 2015, an inscription dating to AD 114/115 was found during the excavation of the ancient city of L aodikeia. This paper discusses how the inscription, which was likely issued by the provincial governor Marcus (Osto rius?) Scapula, can be useful in the study on the provincial governance during the Roman Principate. The governor established standards and punitive measures to ensure water quality and hydraulic facilities, created new municipal of fices, and adjusted existing duties and responsibilities for the allocation, protection, and use of water resources. Municipal autonomy was one of the major mechanisms of the Roman Principate. The governor's intervention in local affairs was expected in local governance, but much depended upon local elites and institutions to materialise his intervention. Although the governor had unrestricted power theoretically, other factors, such as the length of the governor's term, the size of the governor's staff and entourage, the precedents set by former emperors and governors, and local individuals and groups with political and social power or influence, created dynamic pretexts that required careful navigation when exercising power. The Laodikeia edict offered an opportunity to assess how power balance, power dynamics, and consensus-building between the central and local authorities may have been like from the lens of the provincial governor.
李文琦, 罗泽阳, 张鹏翼. 古文献VR体验中的用户信息需求类型与信息获取效果. 图书馆论坛. 2024.
唐震怡, 任畅畅, 张鹏翼. 在线社区用户的说服交流与态度转变研究——以Reddit CMV为例. 现代情报. 2024.
王一博, 张鹏翼. 基于LDA模型的国内用户画像研究主题及演化分析. 情报探索. 2024.
董申, 王松, 马莉萍. 基于扎根理论的在职学生在线学习注意力驱动机制研究. 职教论坛 [Internet]. 2024;40(02):90-98. 访问链接Abstract
在线学习的效果一直是学界关注的热点问题,学生的注意力是教学内容得以传达的基本保证之一。在职学生的学情与一般学生存在明显差异,有必要专门探讨。基于针对教师、学生的访谈和课堂录像,运用扎根理论对在职学生在直播、录播、慕课、微课中的注意力现象开展实证研究,提出在职学生在线学习的注意力驱动机制模型。学习动机是在线学习注意力的主要内驱力,任务机制下的师生互动和“自组织”同伴学习等策略是提高学生注意力的核心手段,课程安排、技术平台、教学团队对在线教学有支撑作用。在线学习注意力提升的关键在于对学习动机的激发、对“距离感”的消解、对课程情境的建构。建议参照这些注意力驱动机制,多策并举提升在职学生在线学习的效果。
刘俊宙,陈嘉喆,景侨楠,张少轩,陈安娜,陆蓉静,刘建国*. 塑料中高关注物质(SVHCs)的赋存分布、物质流及环境释放研究进展. 环境科学. 2024.Abstract
各类塑料制品中广泛分布的塑料添加剂赋予塑料以阻燃、增塑和抗氧化等优异功能,但其中已有100多种因其潜在的环境和健康危害性被列入欧盟高关注物质(SVHCs)候选清单.以上SVHCs普遍分布在各类塑料及各行业产品中,比较集中分布在PVC和PUR等类塑料和包装、汽车、建材、电子电器和纺织等行业中.在不同功能的SVHCs中,增塑剂和阻燃剂用量最高,品类相对集中,一直是国内外化学品风险评估和风险管理关注的重点.现有研究已建立起塑料制品中SVHCs物质流分析方法,揭示出PBDEs、HBCD和PAEs等典型阻燃剂和增塑剂类SVHCs在塑料制品全生命周期普遍存在的环境和健康风险;大量SVHCs随塑料产品寿命终结进入废物阶段,揭示了各类含SVHCs塑料废物环境无害化管理的重要性.除在产品使用周期发生的环境释放外,各种形式的塑料泄露所产生的塑料碎片,构成了环境中各种SVHCs的长期释放源,对生态环境和人体健康造成持久威胁.未来亟需重视各类塑料制品中大量潜在有害化学品的识别及其全生命周期环境释放与风险评估研究,尤其包括塑料中有害化学品排放系数测算、动态物质流分析方法的优化,以及塑料泄露途径有害化学品释放机制研究等. 
张珈茄, 刘映彤, 张鹏翼. 多元信息获取中的负向态度转变:选择性信息行为的影响与关联. 图书情报工作. 2024;68(18):50-58.
编 谢侃侃、张忞煜、曹寅. 季风亚洲:全球视野下的跨印度洋文化网络. 北京: 北京大学出版社; 2024.

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