为探究流场和组分浓度分布对SCR装置脱硝效率和氨逃逸的影响进而提升脱硝性能,基于ANSYS FLUENT软件平台、耦合多孔介质模型和E-R脱硝反应动力学模型,建立国内某660 MW燃煤机组SCR系统的三维计算流体力学模型;详细分析不同负荷下烟气速度分布、组分浓度分布、脱硝效率和氨逃逸等流动反应特性;进而针对分区喷氨和静态混合器对脱硝性能的影响进行模拟与优化。结果表明:当顶部导流板倾角与楔形弯头倾角相同时,流场分离现象消失,速度分布更加均匀。较之于均匀喷氨方式,分区喷氨可使NH_3浓度均匀性提高55%、出口NO浓度偏差降低50%。采用平板型混合器结合分区喷氨策略,催化剂入口截面NH3浓度偏差系数小于2.5%,出口截面NO浓度偏差系数小于8%,局部最大氨逃逸为1.82mg/m~3,脱硝效率提高了7%,实现SCR装置的稳定高效运行。

With deep peak-load regulations, utility boilers are frequently operated under variable/low load conditions. However, their hydrodynamics, combustion and NOx emission characteristics are uncertain and relevant theoretical guidance are lacking. For this purpose, a comprehensive CFD model including flow, coal combustion and NOx formation is established for a 630 MW tangentially fired pulverized-coal boiler, aiming at solving the problem of decreasing combustion stability and increasing NOx emission in low-load operation. Based on the grid independence and model validation, the flow field, temperature profile, species concentration profile and NOx emission are predicted, and the influences of angle/arrangement of burners are further evaluated. Simulation results indicate that under low-load conditions, residual airflow rotation still persists at the top of boiler regardless of how to adjust the angle/arrangement of burners. With tilting the burner angle upward, flame is more concentrated, combustion becomes more stable, and heat flux rises in the upper zone; the burner arrangement of ABDE gives more uniform temperature distribution in the combustion zone. CO species shows higher content in the combustion zone; the 0° tilt angle gives maximum CO content, followed by the 15° angle, and finally the −15° angle; compared to the ACDE and ABCE arrangement, the ABDE arrangement mode gives much lower CO contents. Burner tilt angle of −15° benefits for lower NOx emission (183 mg/m3) but goes against stable combustion; the burner arrangement mode of ABDE is optimal for the present boiler, which ensures both stable combustion and lower NOx emission (209 mg/m3).