By exciting a plasmonic lens with femtosecond laser and utilizing the optical nonlinearity of the gold, an ultrasmall and ultrafast all-optical modulation spot was achieved inside a thin gold film. Near-field pump-probe measurements indicated a modulation spot size of about 600 nm, and a response time of about 1.5 ps. Even smaller spot size of about 300 nm was inferred from numerical simulations, beyond the diffraction limit given an incident wavelength of 1000 nm. Moreover, the optical nonlinearity and the modulation depth were increased by one order of magnitude at the focus compared to that at positions without structures. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3581895]
Lin Y-M, Valdes-Garcia A, Han S-J, Farmer DB, Meric I, Sun Y, Wu Y, Dimitrakopoulos C, Grill A, Avouris P, et al.Wafer-Scale Graphene Integrated Circuit. Science [Internet]. 2011;332:1294-1297. 访问链接
A high triplet energy (E-T = 3.2 eV) electron transporting/hole blocking (ET/HB) material, 1,2,4,5-tetra (3-pyrid-3-yl-phenyl)benzene (TemPPB) with a super twisted structure and high thermal stability has been synthesized. An external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 19.6% was achieved by using TemPPB as the ET/HB material in a blue electrophosphorescent device, much higher than the EQE of 12.5% for the device using the conventional ET material, 3-(4-biphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ). In addition, the weak ET property of TemPPB resulting from its super twisted structure can be enhanced via n-type doping with LiF. An EQE of 24.5% was achieved by combining n-type doping and a double-emission layer. This shows an alternative way to design ET/HB materials with high E-T and improved thermal stability for blue electrophosphorescent devices.