Although antecedents of teacher identity have been well investigated over decades, the role of demographic variables in teacher identity variance has received relatively little research attention. The study explored how teacher identity (grounded in a four-indicator model comprising occupational commitment, teacher self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and motivation to teach) might differ on three key demographics: gender, taught subject, and grade level taught. To reduce possible noise from other demographic constructs (e.g., age, tenure, and job level), participants were recruited from a cohort of 464 first-year school teachers in Mainland China. Using multiple analytic techniques, findings indicated that female teachers were less committed to the teaching occupation than were male teachers. Those teaching social sciences in primary schools showed lower levels of occupational commitment and teacher self-efficacy than did those teaching sciences at secondary schools. Implications and suggestions are provided.

本文基于大量史料，梳理了北京大学外国语学院外国语言学及应用语言学的学科发展史。所涉及的专业范围主要是以英语为背景的语言学教学与研究，时间范围为20世纪70年代末到2021年年底。40多年的史料梳理显示，外国语言学的研究和教学生长于外语教学这片土壤，萌芽于改革开放初期对国外语言学和语言教学理论的学习。经过在“英语语言文学”学科框架内较长时间的生存和缓慢发展，学科独立性逐渐增强，完成了从“语言”到“语言学”的转变。当下学科发展势头很好，但也面临着一些有待思考和解决的问题。梳理学科的发展是对历史沿革进行的一次较为全面的记录，希望为我国相关学科建设提供北京大学视角下的历史注脚和反思。

The emergence of social media has expanded the traditional landscape of health communication research. This study applies the framework of “ambient affiliation” in Systemic Functional Linguistics to a digital health context. Specifically, it explores how viewers of medical consultation videos on Bilibili.com, a Chinese online video-sharing platform, discursively negotiate alignments and construct bonds of shared values and knowledge in their online comments. Discourse analysis of the comments shows that ambient affiliation among viewers is formed in relation to four main types of interaction (i.e., evaluating the participants of medical consultations, sharing illness experiences, seeking health-related advice, and negotiating medical knowledge), through recurrent deployment of communing and dialogic affiliation strategies that act upon particular ideational-interpersonal couplings in the online comments. We argue that ambient affiliation in this digital discourse reflects the interest- and content-focused interactions in the ‘affinity space’ offered by the social media platform. Our study expands the existing knowledge on ambient affiliation by situating it in a digital health context. It also provides insights into how medical practitioners and health educators can more effectively disseminate health knowledge and enhance public health literacy on social media.

This chapter takes a discourse analytic approach to examine communication of genetic knowledge in an online forum in Mainland China. The data corpus consists of 270-plus forum interactions among clients who have used direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing, staff members of a genetic testing company, and individuals who are interested in but may not yet have used genetic tests. Our analysis reveals that the forum interactions demonstrate complex hybridity and blending of various discourses and communicative practices. Specifically, the online mode of communication enables the participants to engage in direct health advice-seeking and open discussion of sensitive genetic health topics. The forum also allows the participants to contest the ‘authoritative’ versions of genetic knowledge advanced by the genetic test company. Through these discursive practices, the participants actively engage in constructing and negotiating the meanings of an emerging genetic technology. Such increased public engagement with genetic science reveals a blurring epistemological distinction between experts and lay people in the modern society where access to genetic information has been democratized through various digital platforms.

基于对医疗领域“死亡素养”和社会语言学“新素养研究”的文献梳理，提出“死亡话语素养”概念，并阐释其内涵。死亡话语素养即人们使用各种话语形式谈论死亡（和濒死）相关议题，参与社会实践，探索和积极建构生命意义的能力与过程。随后以生前预嘱为例，论述死亡话语素养如何在具体社会情境中养成和实践。死亡话语素养是人们为争取死亡质量需要投入的一种文化资本，其养成和实践有利于促进人们的生命福祉，推动新的谈生论死话语惯习的形成。