科研成果

2016
Niu HY, Hu W, Zhang DZ, Wu ZJ, Guo S, Pian W, Cheng WJ, Hu M*. Variations of fine particle physiochemical properties during a heavy haze episode in the winter of Beijing. Science of the Total Environment. 2016;571:103-109.Abstract
Chemical composition, morphology, size and mixture of fine particles were measured in a heavy haze and the post-haze air in Beijing in January 2012. With the occurrence of haze, the concentrations of gaseous and particulate pollutants including organics, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium grew gradually. The hourly averaged PM2.5 concentration increased from 118 mu g m(-3) to 402 mu g m(-3) within 12 h. In contrast, it was less than 10 mu g m(-3) in the post-haze air. Occupying approximately 46% in mass, organics were the major component of PM1 in both the haze and post-haze air.Analysis of individual particles in the size range of 0.2-1.1 mu m revealed that secondary-like particles and soot particles were always the majority, and most soot particles had a core-shell structure. The number ratio of secondary-like particles to soot particles in accumulation mode in the haze air was about 2:1, and that in the post-haze air was 8:1. These results indicate both secondary particle formation and primary emission contributed substantially to the haze. The mode size of the haze particles was about 0.7 mu m, and the mode size of the post-haze particles was 0.4 mu m, indicating the remarkable growth of particles in haze. However, the ratios of the core size to shell size of core-shell structure soot particles in the haze were similar to those in the post-haze air, suggesting a quick aging of soot particles in either the haze air or the post-haze air. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Niu HY, Hu W, Zhang DZ, Wu ZJ, Guo S, Pian W, Cheng WJ, Hu M. Variations of fine particle physiochemical properties during a heavy haze episode in the winter of Beijing. Science of the Total Environment. 2016;571:103-109.Abstract
Chemical composition, morphology, size and mixture of fine particles were measured in a heavy haze and the post-haze air in Beijing in January 2012. With the occurrence of haze, the concentrations of gaseous and particulate pollutants including organics, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium grew gradually. The hourly averaged PM2.5 concentration increased from 118 mu g m(-3) to 402 mu g m(-3) within 12 h. In contrast, it was less than 10 mu g m(-3) in the post-haze air. Occupying approximately 46% in mass, organics were the major component of PM1 in both the haze and post-haze air. Analysis of individual particles in the size range of 0.2-1.1 mu m revealed that secondary-like particles and soot particles were always the majority, and most soot particles had a core-shell structure. The number ratio of secondary-like particles to soot particles in accumulation mode in the haze air was about 2:1, and that in the post-haze air was 8:1. These results indicate both secondary particle formation and primary emission contributed substantially to the haze. The mode size of the haze particles was about 0.7 mu m, and the mode size of the post-haze particles was 0.4 mu m, indicating the remarkable growth of particles in haze. However, the ratios of the core size to shell size of core-shell structure soot particles in the haze were similar to those in the post-haze air, suggesting a quick aging of soot particles in either the haze air or the post-haze air. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Li S-Y, She Z-S, Chen J. Velocity--vorticity correlation structures (VVCS) in spatially developing compressible turbulent boundary layer, in 70th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics.Vol 62. Denver, Colorado; 2016:00004.
Yang XS, Zhanghao K, Wang HN, Liu YJ, Wang F, Zhang X, Shi KB, Gao JT, Jin DY, Xi P. Versatile Application of Fluorescent Quantum Dot Labels in Super resolution Fluorescence Microscopy. Acs Photonics [Internet]. 2016;3:1611-1618. 访问链接
Guo Y, Li Y, Awartani O, Zhao J, Han H, Ade H*, Zhao D*, Yan H*. A Vinylene-Bridged Perylenediimide-Based Polymeric Acceptor Enabling Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells Processed under Ambient Conditions. Adv. Mater. [Internet]. 2016;28:8483-8489. [Read Online]Abstract
All-polymer solar cells with 7.57% power conversion efficiency are achieved via a new perylenediimide-based polymeric acceptor. Furthermore, the device processed in ambient air without encapsulation can still reach a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.49%, which is a significant economic advantage from an industrial processing perspective. These results represent the highest PCE achieved from perylenediimide-based polymers.
Wang B, Dong F, Li Q-T, Yang D, Sun C, Chen J, Song Z, Xu L, Chu W, Xiao Y-F, et al. Visible-frequency dielectric metasurfaces for multiwavelength achromatic and highly dispersive holograms. Nano Letters [Internet]. 2016;16(8):5235-5240. 访问链接
Zhao Y, Yang Y, Chen S. Vortex reconnection in the late transition in channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 2016;802:R4.
Zhang X, Zou R, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhao L, Zhu X, Guo H. Is water age a reliable indicator for evaluating water quality effectiveness of water diversion projects in eutrophic lakes?. JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY. 2016;542:281-291.Abstract
Water diversion has been applied increasingly to promote the exchange of lake water and to control eutrophication of lakes. The accelerated water exchange and mass transport by water diversion can usually be represented by water age. But the responses of water quality after water diversion is still disputed. The reliability of using water age for evaluating the effectiveness of water diversion projects in eutrophic lakes should be thereby explored further. Lake Dianchi, a semi-closed plateau lake in China, has suffered severe eutrophication since the 1980s, and it is one of the three most eutrophic lakes in China. There was no significant improvement in water quality after an investment of approximately 7.7 billion USD and numerous project efforts from 1996 to 2015. After the approval of the Chinese State Council, water has been transferred to Lake Dianchi to alleviate eutrophication since December 2013. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model and eight scenarios were developed in this study to quantity the influence of this water diversion project on water quality in Lake Dianchi. The model results showed that (a) Water quality (TP, TN, and Chla) could be improved by 13.5-32.2%, much lower than the approximate 50% reduction in water age; (b) Water exchange had a strong positive relationship with mean TP, and mean Chla had exactly the same response to water diversion as mean TN; (c) Water level was more beneficial for improving hydrodynamic and nutrient concentrations than variation in the diverted inflowing water volume; (d) The water diversion scenario of doubling the diverted inflow rate in the wet season with the water level of 1886.5 m and 1887 m in the remaining months was the best water diversion mode for mean hydrodynamics and TP, but the scenario of doubling the diverted inflow rate in the wet season with 1887 m throughout the year was optimum for mean TN and Chla; (e) Water age influenced the effectiveness of water diversion on the improvement in TP, but not in TN and Chla. Therefore, water age solely could not be used to evaluate the restoration of water quality in a eutrophic lake, because geobiochemical processes played a more important role in the growth of algae than did water exchange in Lake Dianchi. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Tang Z, Li X, Wu G, Gao S, Chen Q, Peng LM, Wei X. Whole-journey nanomaterial research in an electron microscope: from material synthesis, composition characterization, property measurements to device construction and tests. Nanotechnology [Internet]. 2016;27(48):485710. 访问链接
Lu X, Zhang L, Yue X, Zhang J, Jaffe D, Stohl A, Zhao Y, Shao J. Wildfire influences on the variability and trend of summer surface ozone in the mountainous western United States. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics [Internet]. 2016;16(22):14687-14702. 访问链接
Fujimori S, Kubota I, Dai H, Takahashi K, Hasegawa T, Liu JY, Hijioka Y, Masui T, Takimi M. Will International Emissions Trading Help Achieve the Objectives of the Paris Agreement?. Environmental Research Letters [Internet]. 2016;11:104001. 访问链接
Xun Pang, “Shared Challenges and Solutions: The Common Future of Comparative Politics and Quantitative Methodology”. Chinese Political Science Review [Internet]. 2016. full-textAbstract
This essay joins the discussion on ‘‘The Future of Comparative Politics’’ from a perspective of methodology, and argues that the challenges concerned in Schmitter’s essay are not endemic to comparative politics but shared ones in other research fields including quantitative methods. Recent trends and developments in quantitative methods show that quantitative and qualitative methods are increas- ingly integrated to jointly handle challenges with broad and profound impacts on the social sciences as a whole. This essay presents a brief introduction of the recent three revolutions in quantitative methods. The ‘‘Bayesian Revolution’’, the ‘‘Credibility Revolution’’, and the ‘‘Big Data Revolution’’ have fundamentally changed quantitative methods. The paper further displays that the challenges arising from the three revolutions are essentially the same ones with those in comparative politics, such as modeling complex interdependence, dealing with fuzzy concepts and the messy real world, and so on. Finally, the essay uses a few examples of some new analytical tools developed by quantitative methodologists to illustrate that qualitative knowledge and quantitative techniques should be seamlessly mixed to be innovative and powerful methods. All this points to a common future of compar- ative politics and quantitative methods.
Yan M.Q.*, Dryer D., Korshin G., 2016. Spectroscopic characterization of changes of DOM deprotonation–protonation properties in water treatment processes. Chemosphere 148, 426-435. 2016.
Yan M.Q.*, Li M.Y., Han X.Z., 2016. Behaviour of I/Br/Cl-THMs and their projected toxicities under simulated cooking conditions: Effects of heating, table salt and residual chlorine. J Hazard Mat 314, 105-112. 2016.
Yan M.Q.*, Li M.Y., Roccaro P., Korshin G., 2016. Ternary model of the speciation of I/Br/Cl- trihalomethanes formed in chloraminated surface waters. Environ Sci Technol 50, 4468-4475. 2016.
Yan M.Q.*, Ma J., Ji G.D., 2016. Examination of effects of Cu(II) and Cr(III) on Al(III) binding by dissolved organic matter using absorbance spectroscopy. Water Res 93, 84-90. 2016.
Yan M.Q., Ternary model of the speciation of I/Br/Cl-THMs Formed in Chloraminated Surface Waters. The 3th Conference of Disinfection and Disinfection By-products, Shanghai, Jul, in ; 2016.
Ma L. The Yuanpei Program in Peking University: A case study of curriculum innovation. Frontiers of Education in China. 2016;11:423-425.
Zhang Y., Shi B.Y.*, Zhao Y.Y., Yan M.Q., Lytle D.A., Wang D.S., 2016. Deposition behavior of residual aluminum in drinking water distribution system: Effect of aluminum speciation. J Environ Sci 42, 142-151. 2016.
Zhang G, Ireland T, Zhang L, Gao Z, Song S. Zircon geochemistry of two contrasting types of eclogite: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the North Qaidam UHPM belt, northern Tibet. Gondwana Research. 2016;35:27-39.

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