@article {27261,
	title = {Individual species and cumulative mixture relationships of 24-hour urine metal concentrations with DNA methylation age variables in older men},
	journal = {Environ Res},
	volume = {186},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Nwanaji-Enwerem, Jamaji C Colicino, Elena Specht, Aaron J Gao, Xu Wang, Cuicui Vokonas, Pantel Weisskopf, Marc G Boyer, Edward W Baccarelli, Andrea A Schwartz, Joel eng Netherlands Environ Res. 2020 Apr 25;186:109573. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109573.},
	pages = {109573},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {{BACKGROUND: Globally, toxic metal exposures are a well-recognized risk factor for many adverse health outcomes. DNA methylation-based measures of biological aging are predictive of disease, but have poorly understood relationships with metal exposures. OBJECTIVE: We performed a pilot study examining the relationships of 24-h urine metal concentrations with three novel DNA methylation-based measures of biological aging: DNAmAge, GrimAge, and PhenoAge. METHODS: We utilized a previously established urine panel of five common metals [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg)] found in a subset of the elderly US Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study cohort (N = 48). The measures of DNA methylation-based biological age were calculated using CpG sites on the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) was used to determine metals most important to the aging outcomes and the relationship of the cumulative metal mixture with the outcomes. Individual relationships of important metals with the biological aging outcomes were modeled using fully-adjusted linear models controlling for chronological age, renal function, and lifestyle/environmental factors. RESULTS: Mn was selected as important to PhenoAge. A 1 ng/mL increase in urine Mn was associated with a 9.93-year increase in PhenoAge (95\%CI: 1.24, 18.61},
	keywords = {Aging DNA Methylation age Epigenetics Urine metals},
	issn = {1096-0953 (Electronic) 0013-9351 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1016/j.envres.2020.109573},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32361261},
	author = {Nwanaji-Enwerem, J. C. and Colicino, E. and Specht, A. J. and Gao, X. and C. Wang and Vokonas, P. and Weisskopf, M. G. and Boyer, E. W. and Baccarelli, A. A. and Schwartz, J.}
}
