@article {20689,
	title = {Acidic gases, ammonia and water-soluble ions in PM(2.5) at a coastal site in the Pearl River Delta, China},
	journal = {Atmospheric Environment},
	volume = {42},
	number = {25},
	year = {2008},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 354BMTimes Cited: 88Cited Reference Count: 44Hu, Min Wu, Zhijun Slanina, J. Lin, Peng Liu, Shang Zeng, LiminZeng, Limin/D-3948-2013; Lin, Peng/G-4867-2016; Liu, Shang/F-9085-2011; Wu, Zhijun/A-7041-2012Lin, Peng/0000-0002-3567-7017; Liu, Shang/0000-0002-3403-8651;12810101Pergamon-elsevier science ltdOxford},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {6310-6320},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Real-time measurements of acidic trace gases (HCl, HNO(3), HONO, and SO(2)), ammonia, and water-soluble ions in PM(2.5) were conducted at Xinken, a coastal site downwind of Guangzhou, from 4 October to 4 November 2004, as part of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) intensive field campaign. The average concentrations of HCl, HONO, HNO(3), SO(2), and NH(3) are 2.8, 2.9, 6.3, 55.4, and 7.3 mu g m(-3) respectively, and 2.4, 7.2, 24.1, and 9.2 mu g m(-3) for Cl(-), NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-), and NH(4)(+) in PM(2.5). The diurnal variations of both HCl and HNO(3) showed higher concentrations during daytime and lower concentrations at night, and aerosol Cl(-) and NO(3)(-) showed an opposite diurnal patterns to HCl and HNO(3). The diurnal variation of NH(3) showed the similar pattern to that of aerosol NH(4)(+) with lower concentration during daytime and higher concentration at night. The average concentration of SO(2) during daytime was higher than that at night. The transportation of urban plumes to the sampling site could explain the higher concentration of SO(2) during daytime. HONO showed a clear diurnal variation with lower concentration during daytime and higher concentration at night. The HONO concentrations were positively correlated with the particle surface area concentrations, suggesting the formation of HONO through the heterogeneous conversion on particle surfaces could be significant. The ionic charge balance analysis included the cations derived from filter measurements indicates that the contribution of the cations in fine particle (PM(1.8)) to the charge balance is not pronounced. The theoretical equilibrium constant (K(e)) of NH(4)NO(3) is higher than the observed concentration product (K(m) = [NH(3)] x [HNO(3)]) during daytime, and lower than K(m) at night. This indicates that the atmospheric conditions during the sampling period did not favor the formation of NH(4)NO(3) during daytime. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {(PRD), acidic gases, agricultural site, ammonia, China, dissociation-constant, Environmental Sciences \& Ecology, formation, heterogeneous, jet aerosol collector, matter, Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences, nitric-acid, nitrous-acid, particle, particulate, pearl river delta, PM(2.5), rural site, seasonal-variations, water-soluble ions},
	isbn = {1352-2310},
	author = {Hu, M. and ZJ Wu and Slanina, J. and Lin, P. and S. Liu and L.M. Zeng}
}
