@article {12739,
	title = {Fast and Efficient Transcoding Based on Low-Complexity Background Modeling and Adaptive Block Classification},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Multimedia},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013/12},
	pages = {1769-1785},
	chapter = {1769},
	abstract = {It is in urgent need to develop fast and efficient transcoding methods so as to remarkably save the storage of surveillance videos and synchronously transmit conference videos over different bandwidths. Towards this end, the special characteristics of these videos, e. g., the relatively static background, should be utilized for transcoding. Therefore, we propose a fast and efficient transcoding method (FET) based on background modeling and block classification in this paper. To improve the transcoding efficiency, FET adds the background picture, which is modeled from the originally decoded frames in low complexity, into stream in the form of an intra-coded G-picture. And then, FET utilizes the reconstructed G-picture as the long-term reference frame to transcode the following frames. This is mainly because our theoretical analyses show that G-picture can significantly improve the transcoding performance. To reduce the complexity, FET utilizes an adaptive threshold updating model for block classification and then adopts different transcoding strategies for different categories. This is due to the following statistics: after dividing blocks into categories of foreground, background and hybrid ones, different block categories have different distributions of prediction modes, motion vectors and reference frames. Extensive experiments on transcoding high-bit-rate H. 264/AVC streams to low-bit-rate ones are carried out to evaluate our FET. Over the traditional full-decoding-and-full-encoding methods, FET can save more than 35\% of the transcoding bit-rate with a speed-up ratio of larger than 10 on the surveillance videos. On the conference videos which should be transcoded more timely, FET achieves more than 20 times speed- up ratio with 0.2 dB gain.},
	keywords = {Background modeling; classification; surveillance and conference videos; transcoding.},
	isbn = {1520-9210},
	doi = {10.1109/TMM.2013.2280117},
	author = {*Zhang, Xianguo;  Huang, Tiejun;  Tian, Yonghong;  Geng, Mingchao;  Ma, Siwei;  Gao, Wen}
}
