The heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on NaCl particles has been investigated with the new sample preparation and the mode of gas-solid free diffusion. Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) is used to characterize the adsorbed products in situ, combined with Ion Chromatographic (IC), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Scan Electron Microscopy (SEM). Our results indicate that the reaction is not limited to the surface of the NaCl particles, but penetrated into the upper layers. Surface reactive sites determine the reaction. Kinetic measurements show that nitrate formation on sodium chloride is second order in NO2 concentration and reactive uptake coefficient is (1.54 +/- 0.70) x 10(-5)
This paper extends Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin (RKDG) methods to a nonlinear Dirac (NLD) model in relativistic quantum physics, and investigates interaction dynamics of corresponding solitary wave solutions. Weak inelastic interaction in ternary collisions is first observed by using high- order accurate schemes on finer meshes. A long-lived oscillating state is formed with an approximate constant frequency in collisions of two standing waves; another is with an increasing frequency in collisions of two moving solitons. We also prove three continuum conservation laws of the NLD model and an entropy inequality, i.e. the total charge non-increasing, of the semi-discrete RKDG methods, which are demonstrated by various numerical examples.
Hua H, Wamg S, Meng J, Li Z-H, Zhang S-Q, Xu F-R, Liu H-L, Zhou S-G, Ye Y-L. High-spin states in Gd-152. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics-Chinese Edition. 2006;30:157.