<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei Lu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Po</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shilin Zheng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sen Zhou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural disasters and high-stakes exam performance: Evidence from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">China Economic Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Academic achievement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Earthquakes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High-stakes exams</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural disasters</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043951X22001572</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">101899</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this study, the 2008 earthquake in Wenchuan, China serves as a natural experiment for examining the effect of natural disasters on high-stakes exam performance among students who were admitted to four-year colleges between 2005 and 2011. Results of a generalized difference-in-differences model show that, on average, the earthquake reduced a student&amp;#039;s National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) standard score by 55% of a standard deviation. The findings have implications for higher education and China&amp;#039;s economy, because earthquake exposure lowers a student&amp;#039;s probability of being accepted to an elite college, pursuing a major in a high-salary field, and moving to a highly developed urban area for education or employment.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>