@proceedings {17197,
	title = {Factors Influencing Emoji Usage in Smartphone Mediated Communications},
	journal = {iConference 2018: Transforming Digital Worlds },
	year = {2018},
	pages = {423-428},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Sheffield, UK},
	abstract = {Emojis have become more and more popular in text-based online communication to express emotions. This indicates a potential to utilize emojis in sentiment analysis and emotion measurements. However, many factors could affect people{\textquoteright}s emoji usage and need to be examined. Among them, age, gender, and relationship types may result in different interpretations of the same emoji due to the ambiguity of the iconic expression. In this paper, we aim to explore how these factors may affect the frequency, type, and sentiment of people{\textquoteright}s emoji usage in communications. After analyzing 6,821 Wechat chatting messages from 158 participants, we found people between 26{\textendash}35 had lowest frequency of emoji usage; younger and elder groups showed different sentiment levels for the same emojis; people chose emoji types based on relationships. These findings shed light on how people use emojis as a communication tool.},
	isbn = {978-3-319-78105-1},
	author = {An, Jiaxin and Li, Tian and Teng, Yifei and Zhang, Pengyi}
}
