<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chung, K. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seiffert, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Chen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theodorou, I. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goode, A. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leo, B. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGilvery, C. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hussain, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiegman, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rossios, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gong, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tariq, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufit, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monteith, A. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. Hashimoto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skepper, J. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan, M. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Zhang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetley, T. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porter, A. E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inactivation, Clearance, and Functional Effects of Lung-Instilled Short and Long Silver Nanowires in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACS Nano</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acs NanoAcs Nano</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acs Nano</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alveolar epithelial cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bronchial hyperresponsiveness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">macrophages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">silver nanowires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">silver sulfidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">surfactant protein d</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar 28</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017/02/22</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2652-2664</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1936-086X (Electronic)1936-0851 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;There is a potential for silver nanowires (AgNWs) to be inhaled, but there is little information on their health effects and their chemical transformation inside the lungs in vivo. We studied the effects of short (S-AgNWs; 1.5 mum) and long (L-AgNWs; 10 mum) nanowires instilled into the lungs of Sprague-Dawley rats. S- and L-AgNWs were phagocytosed and degraded by macrophages; there was no frustrated phagocytosis. Interestingly, both AgNWs were internalized in alveolar epithelial cells, with precipitation of Ag2S on their surface as secondary Ag2S nanoparticles. Quantitative serial block face three-dimensional scanning electron microscopy showed a small, but significant, reduction of NW lengths inside alveolar epithelial cells. AgNWs were also present in the lung subpleural space where L-AgNWs exposure resulted in more Ag+ve macrophages situated within the pleura and subpleural alveoli, compared with the S-AgNWs exposure. For both AgNWs, there was lung inflammation at day 1, disappearing by day 21, but in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), L-AgNWs caused a delayed neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammation, while S-AgNWs caused only acute transient neutrophilia. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels in BALF increased after S- and L-AgNWs exposure at day 7. L-AgNWs induced MIP-1alpha and S-AgNWs induced IL-18 at day 1. Large airway bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine increased following L-AgNWs, but not S-AgNWs, exposure. The attenuated response to AgNW instillation may be due to silver inactivation after precipitation of Ag2S with limited dissolution. Our findings have important consequences for the safety of silver-based technologies to human health.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28221763</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Chung, Kian FanSeiffert, JoannaChen, ShuTheodorou, Ioannis GGoode, Angela ErinLeo, Bey FenMcGilvery, Catriona MHussain, FarhanaWiegman, CoenRossios, ChristosZhu, JieGong, JichengTariq, FaridYufit, VladimirMonteith, Alexander JHashimoto, TeruoSkepper, Jeremy NRyan, Mary PZhang, JunfengTetley, Teresa DPorter, Alexandra EengU19 ES019536/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ACS Nano. 2017 Mar 28;11(3):2652-2664. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07313. Epub 2017 Feb 24.&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PMC5371928</style></custom2><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.Nicholas School of Environment and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.Department of Biological Sciences, Oxford Brookes University , Oxford OX3 OBP, United Kingdom.The School of Materials, The University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Department of Anatomy, University of Cambridge , Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 3DY United Kingdom.</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>