<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Haiwei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Shucheng</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Culture Matters for Hanzi Learning Enjoyment and Hanzi Recognition: Evidence From Arabic Learners of Chinese as a Second/Foreign Language</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Applied Linguistics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chinese as a second language</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chinese characters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">foreign language enjoyment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanzi learning anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanzi learning enjoyment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">外语学习愉悦感</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">汉字习得</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">汉字学习愉悦感</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">汉字学习焦虑</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">汉语二语学习</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ijal.12750</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n/a</style></number><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABSTRACT An increasing body of research has investigated the role of enjoyment in second language acquisition (SLA); however, few studies have explored whether learners of Chinese as a second/foreign language (CS/FL) experience enjoyment in learning Hanzi (Chinese characters) and how enjoyment impacts Hanzi recognition performance. To address this gap, a Hanzi Learning Enjoyment Scale was developed and administered to 446 Arabic CS/FL learners, 144 of whom also completed a Hanzi recognition test. Two key findings emerged. First, the results of factor analysis revealed four factors underlying Hanzi learning enjoyment: Hanzi culture, personal attitudes, teacher support, and personal fulfillment. Second, enjoyment did not emerge as a significant predictor of Hanzi recognition performance. Notably, the variance in Hanzi recognition scores explained by enjoyment ranked among the top three explanatory variables, comparable to the predictive power of years spent learning Chinese. This study concludes with theoretical insights into the construct of foreign language enjoyment (FLE) across different languages and language components, as well as practical recommendations for enhancing Hanzi instruction.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>